Scientific breakthroughs Essay Example for Free

Scientific breakthroughs Essay Scientific breakthroughs are achieved either by chance or by a thorough scientific research where people discover or come up with new information about the world they are living in. These research projects are designed according to a standard that provides qualitative and quantitative data through experimentation and analysis. Part of the standard in a scientific research/investigation is the questioning, followed by a potential guess or answer, before an â€Å"if, then† statement. This process or standard is referred to as the â€Å"Scientific Method. † One of the most important elements in the process of scientific method is the formation of hypothesis. Hypothesis is defined as a scholarly guess considered to be the potential answer to the question identified at hand. In order to come up with a specific hypothesis, a certain standard or protocol should also be followed. Questions resulting from observations are piled up and reworded to form a guess. The guess or hypothesis must be in a statement form and not as a question, can be experimented over a test, should be based on observations and information, and should foresee the projected results clearly. It is primarily composed of two variables namely, the independent and dependent variables. Identifying variables forms predominantly the entire process of hypothesis formation. As known, variable, from its root word â€Å"vary†, is a component that changes in the process of the investigation. Upon taking one variable at a time in the formation of hypothesis, the one selected is what we call the â€Å"independent† one. The independent variables could be in the form of abiotic and biotic. The former are the inorganic factors of an environment while the latter are results coming from the living elements of the environment. The dependent variable, on the other hand, is the variable that is directly examined by the researcher. Meanwhile, the researcher can use any of the three methods in writing a hypothesis. He or she can choose the manipulation hypothesis when using the independent variable for experimentation, the choice hypothesis when examining the preference of an organism, or the observational hypothesis when observing organisms where conditions cannot be changed (UTAS 2008 ¬). References University of Tasmania. (2008). Hypothesis Formation. Retrieved March 17, 2009, from http://www. utas. edu. au/sciencelinks/exdesign/HF2. HTM